1. Your history and examination
The doctor asks when the lesion appeared, how it has changed, about symptoms and any personal or family history of melanoma. They examine your skin and identify lesions needing further assessment. Bring previous reports and point out areas that are difficult to check.
2. Dermoscopy
A dermatoscope reveals structures that cannot be assessed with the naked eye. It helps the doctor decide whether monitoring or further investigation is appropriate. It does not replace histology when this is needed.
3. Biopsy and histology
For a suspicious lesion, the doctor may recommend removal for microscopic examination. Where feasible, an excisional biopsy removes the whole lesion; its location and size may require a different approach. A pathologist assesses the tissue to establish the diagnosis.
4. Monitoring and additional techniques
Clinical and dermoscopic photographs can document changes over time in selected patients. Specialist centres may use confocal microscopy in particular cases. These techniques cannot always rule out melanoma and do not automatically remove the need for a biopsy.
Questions for your doctor
- Why do you recommend monitoring or removal?
- How and when will I receive the report?
- Which changes should I report before my next appointment?
Sources and update
Editorial update: 16 October 2026. This information provides guidance and does not replace a medical assessment.